Armed conflict in Colombia has profoundly shaped the tenure and use of land for more than 50 years. The well-documented impacts on forest cover dynamics have broad implications for biodiversity conservation, climate change, and sustainability. In 2016, a peace agreement was signed between the Colombian government and FARC, one of the main actors of the conflict. This historical moment for Colombia has led to important changes in the political environment, bringing new opportunities for sustainable development but also new governance challenges. Despite the social advances of the peace-agreement, it has brought striking changes to natural landscapes including the country's highest rate of deforestation ever recorded in the 21st century. Many rural areas are suffering a power vacuum commonly seen in post-conflict countries, unleashing informal extractivism and land grabbing without proper regulation or control. Coca cultivation, which is intimately related to the armed conflict, has boomed in the last few years. High-conservation value areas under special management, such as protected areas and indigenous territories, are experiencing alarming levels of encroachment and land clearing. Broadening our understanding of post-conflict land use dynamics will help inform governance solutions and chart a pathway to more sustainable natural resource management and social development. This symposium will communicate different diagnoses of the factors and relations between armed conflict, peace-agreement, forests, and conservation in Colombia. Moreover, it will enhance discussion and provide a scientific baseline for a workshop to direct future research by identifying knowledge gaps and highlighting successful interventions already being implemented in Colombia or other post-conflict countries.